A Research Study On Psychology - 893 Words

1. Currently, I am majoring in psychology. The occupation I chose was Psychologist. In the future I hope to do research as a Psychologist at a University. I want to do research in the psychology field so I will be able to expand the greater knowledge of the human self. 2. In the occupation psychologist, men occupy about 44% of the work force, while women occupy about 56%. Even though there is little sex segregation, there is a rather large gap in the average income. Men on average earn $49,804.05, while women earn on average only earn $36,885.08. The ratio for every dollar a man earns, a woman only earns about 74 cents. 3. In the broad occupation of psychologist, there is very little sex segregation. However, one can assume that there is a larger sex segregation in the specific jobs in the psychology field. A possible reason that there is this balance is the broad field of psychology has jobs that are mainly male or mainly female, creating this balance. The typical male side would be more so in the research category. Research is primarily science and math based, which as we know, men are more favorable to go into science and math areas than women are. On the other side of psychology, there is the counseling side. Which can be assumed to be mainly women based. A possible explanation can be that counseling is mainly talking about your feelings. This is where the historical nurturing characteristic of women comes in to play. Historically, women do jobs that are similar toShow MoreRelatedA Research Study On Psychology899 Words   |  4 PagesA case study is a qualitative research method that involves t he observation of a person, group, or community over an extended period to identify the process and development of a particular issue of interest. Apart from observation, a case study may employ other data collection methods such as unstructured interviews; reading a subject’s personal diaries, personal notes, official documents, and analyzing a subject’s photos, which will help provide a detailed and clear profile of the study subjectRead MoreA Research Study Of Psychology Essay1955 Words   |  8 Pagesown species. Psychology, as the scientific study of behavioural developments, can be traced back to when philosophy was the leading way of thinking. However, once people began to apply experimental methods to better understand the complex nature of behaviour, psychology became increasingly acknowledged and documented. This essay will focus on the significant figures, such as Wilhelm Wundt, William James and John Watson, which contributed to the history of the study of psychology. It will aim toRead MoreA Research Study On Psychology947 Words   |  4 PagesShane Alexander Coulter International Baccalaureate Extended Essay Area of Study: Psychology May 2017 Spruce Creek High School Word Count: Abstract Table of Contents Title Page†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦1 Abstract†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.2 Table of Contents†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦....3 Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...4-5 Biology behind PTSD†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦6 SymptomsRead MoreA Research Study On Psychology785 Words   |  4 PagesOn April 20, 2016, I shadowed Morgan on 7E, which was an eventful day full of thought-provoking and noteworthy patient interactions and child life centered conversations. Through my shadowing experience and observations, I gained knowledge on how to appropriately prioritize patients, how to expand my charting techniques, how to provide support through normative play experiences, and much more. This week I was able to reflect back to my knowledge of development so that I could better relate our courseworkRead MoreA Research Study On Forensic Psychology871 Words   |  4 PagesPostgraduate degree in the field of Forensic Psychology. Obtaining a PsyD in Forensic Psychology will not only provide me with more specific knowledge and research opportunities at the graduate level, but it will serve as a foundation for a career in Psychology. The reason which led me to apply for a DForPsy degree in Nottingham university rather than a Ph.D. is mostly because I’m particularly interested in practising psychology rather than exclusively conducting research and work in academia. However, theRead MoreA Research Study On The Field Of Psychology2327 Words   |  10 Pagesof psychology is truly fascinating, as the discovery of new and remarkable ideas arise with every question a researcher chooses to explore. Where questions can develop into a research study, which can either solidify, contribute, support, inspire, or provide answers in the field of psychology. In a sense, research is a trial and error approach as researchers are not always cognizant of the results that a study will provide. However, with sufficient knowledge the researcher can conduct a study, withRead MoreA Research Study On The Psychology Of Attractiveness Essay1523 Words   |  7 PagesThe studies I participated in were from FaceResearch.org. The desc ription of this website was, ‘Participate in short, frequently updated experiments about the traits people find attractive in faces and voices, find out how you compare to others, and learn more about the psychology of attractiveness.’ I was very interested in this section in class, so I decided to do a few studies from this website. The first was one titled Facial Attractiveness, and I clicked on it because it had the most participantsRead MoreA Research Study On School Psychology865 Words   |  4 Pagesgraduate. School psychology is a wide-ranging practice and health service provider concerned with offering an assortment of psychological diagnosis, assessments, and interventions, et cetera to all learners (i.e. children, youth and families) (American Psychological Association (APA), (2015). The educational requirements, as described by the National Association of School Psychologists (NASP), consists of the completion of a 60 graduate semester specialist-level progr am in school psychology plus a 1200-hourRead MoreA Research Study On School Psychology1258 Words   |  6 Pagesfaculty. School Psychology is a general practice and health service provider specialty of professional psychology that is concerned with the science and practice of psychology with children, youth, families; learners of all ages, (School Psychology, n.d.). The school psychologist would meet with students to make sure that they are succeeding academically, socially, and emotionally; this includes both in school and out of school. They would conduct different types of research with children toRead MorePsychology Research Study - Video Games and Violence Essay1932 Words   |  8 PagesA Careful Analysis of a Research Study: Dr. Andersen’s Hypothesis The purpose of this paper is to provide a critical review of a recent study examining the effects of violent video games on aggressive behavior in young children. Let me first provide a brief summary of the study. (a) The hypothesis is that violent video games cause aggression in young children. (b) The target population is young children. (c) The samples are young school age children and the sample sizes are sixty children separated

Hiv / Aids And Aids - 1472 Words

HIV/AIDS is the major ongoing issue attacking sub-Saharan Africa. The damage caused by HIV/AIDS strips families, communities, and increases poverty. In Kenya, the plague has mainly targeted those in the fertile and reproductive age groups. According to estimates by the United Nations of AIDS (UNAIDS), â€Å"Indication of 22.5 million people were living with HIV in Africa, over 1.6 million people were estimated to have died from this syndrome, and well over 11 million children have been orphaned by AIDS.† The effects that AIDS have on Kenya are extremely severe. And given the information, the estimates illustrate how AIDS threatens solidity in women, weakens prior ad future improvements in development, causes poverty and harms children. However, the government of Kenya are in the process of pushing its efforts to decrease the spread of HIV/AIDS through various programs such as public relations campaigns promoting the use of condoms, and advertising the horrors of AIDS. When HIV /AIDS was first detected in the 1980s, majority of the African governments didn’t view it as a critical matter, which would essentially influence a country’s development efforts. According to a passage from An Assessment of the Impact of HIV/AIDS on Economic Growth, â€Å"Africa has the highest number of new infections. Africa is home to about 70% of the adults and 80% of the children living with HIV in the world (p.1)† This epidemic is said to have reduced economic growth due to the inability of people notShow MoreRelatedAids : Hiv / Aids Essay1330 Words   |  6 PagesLauren Kennedy United States HIV/AIDS Part 1: Background of Topic: What became later known as aids was detected in West Africa when scientists identified a species of chimpanzees that had a version of this virus in their immune system. They later found out that the disease was transmitted to humans and created into HIV when people hunted these animals for food and came in contact with their infected blood. Decade after decade this illness swooped over Africa like a blanket and began to spread toRead MoreHiv/Aids Essay1086 Words   |  5 PagesHIV/AIDS BSHS302 May 21, 2012 Faye Flanagan HIV/AIDS Social issues facing HIV/AIDS today are as diverse as the people that are affected by the disease. Advocating for a large group of people takes action at the macro human service practice. The goals and intervention strategies will be similar to micro human service and will involve the same strategies to bring justice to human rights for all members of society. One strategy is including a broader range of other diversity in research inRead MoreThe Epidemic Of Hiv And Aids1535 Words   |  7 Pagespopulation include providing access to health care, HIV testing and syringe services programs. The Office of HIV Planning in Philadelphia focuses on the needs of the population, conducts community outreaches and educational sessions. As previously stated, 32 state Medicaid programs reimburse for routine HIV screening of adults aged 15-65 years, regardless of risk. This policy allows for individuals to more likely participate in this screening process. HIV testing can be done through health care professionalsRead MoreThe Effects of Hiv/Aids2132 Words   |  9 Pages | QUESTION: Discuss the impact of HIV/AIDS on education. CONTENTS 1.) Introduction. 2.) Discussion. i.)   loss of professionals to the effects of HIV and AIDS ii)   Funds channeled to combat effects of HIV and AIDS on education in Kenya iii) High dropout rates to the effects of HIV and AIDS on education iv) The introduction of HIV and AIDS as a unit on the Kenyan syllabus v)  Ã‚   Stigmatizations caused by the effects of HIV and AIDS on education in Kenya 3.) Conclusion Read MorePrevalence Of Hiv / Aids1525 Words   |  7 PagesPrevalence of HIV/AIDS in Ohio It was already stated that the HIV/AIDS epidemic impacts persons regardless of sex, age, race/ethnic group and/or geographic region in Ohio, but certain populations seem to be more impacted than others. There are 11, 544,225 people living in Ohio. 80% are white, 12% are black, 3% are Hispanic, and less than 2% are Asian. Each year in Ohio, about 1,000 people are diagnosed with HIV. In 2013, 1,180 people were diagnosed. Overall, there are almost 20,000 known to be livingRead MoreStigma of Hiv/Aids1812 Words   |  8 PagesStigma of HIV/AIDS It goes without saying that HIV and AIDS are as much about social phenomena as they are about biological and medical concerns. From the moment scientists identified HIV and AIDS, social responses of fear, denial, stigma, and discrimination have accompanied the epidemic. Discrimination has spread rapidly, fuelling anxiety and prejudice against the groups most commonly affected, as well as those living with HIV or AIDS. One of the main reasons for this is the lack of educationRead MoreHiv/Aids in Nigeria6960 Words   |  28 PagesLITERATURE 2.0 INTRODUCTION HIV/AIDs has been ranked among the common disease of all times that is threatening us with the extinction of youths and adults. It is not only terrorizing the entire generation but also kills and leaves millions of orphans for the oldest grandparent to carter for. 2.1 HIV/AIDS IN NIGERIA According to USAID brief (2004), Nigerian epidemic is characterized by one of the most rapidly increasing rates of new HIV/AIDS cases in West Africa. Adult HIV prevalence increased fromRead More AIDS/HIV Essay2283 Words   |  10 PagesHuman Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), can be transmitted through unprotected sexual intercourse, sharing contaminated needles and syringes, mother to child (perinatal) and contaminated blood product (National Association of Health Authorities, 1988). 1.2 PURPOSE OF THE RESEARCH Late HIV diagnosis remains a major problem among black Africans in England. In 2007, about 42 per cent of black Africans diagnosed with HIV were diagnosed late (HPA, 2008a). This compromises their survival chances becauseRead MoreAids : Hiv And The Pursuit Of Happiness1366 Words   |  6 PagesThe AIDS epidemic has been a controversial debate for many years. As Sturken says in her text, there is discourse on AIDS of hysteria and blame, but AIDS also produces a discourse of defiance and criticism (Sturken 147). Using Sturken’s article AIDS and The Politics of Representation and the film Living Proof: HIV and the Pursuit of Happiness I will discuss the two different discourses and views of AIDS. These simultaneous discourses on AIDS, result from the variation of ways people in our societyRead MoreHiv / Aids : An Unknown Disease1508 Words   |  7 Pages Emerging in the early 1980s, HIV/AIDS was an unknown disease that spread rapidly throughout the United States. In the beginni ng not much information was found due to this being a very new disease with a completely unknown background. As decades passed, research has increased as well as the number of cases of people reporting that they are infected. Being that 1 out of every 4 people are infected with HIV/AIDS, this disease has had such an immense impact socially, domestically, as well as politically

A Report on Intervention Strategy

Question: Write a report (no more than 1200 words) outlining an intervention strategy that specifically targets one or more elements of the problem identified in your first report. 1) Propose an overall vision as to what change is possible, and how it might be achieved Aim: to demonstrate a clear understanding of (a) what element/s of the problem can and should be targeted for change, and (b) provide a very brief overview of how such change could be affected. 2) Explain your intervention strategy . 3) Evaluate why your strategy should be effective Aim: Demonstrate a conceptual understanding of your intervention by explaining why it should work. This can be linked to academic theory and research evidence for higher level support. Answer: Overall vision about change As referred to in the first report, the issue of environmental littering has been highlighted which has become a concerning aspect for the present generation. This environmental issue is a cause if the human habits. In the report it has been mentioned that people tend to throw cigarette butts, soda cans, bottles, wrappers, garbage, and plastic bags on the ground that create litter. All these items release chemicals in heavy amount that accumulates in the environment and impacts in a fatal way upon the environmental health as a whole. So, it is important to address the issue considering it to be a priority (Torgler, Frey Wilson, 2009). In this part of the report, an overall vision has been proposed mentioning about the changes required and these changes can be brought about. It explains an effective intervention strategy to control and curb this major issue. The report also focuses on the evaluation of the proposed strategy to assess how effective it is to mitigate the environmental problem. Environmental litter has negative impacts upon the planet as it damages the surroundings where we live, play, and work. This issue has been the result of human habits due to various reasons. As per environmentalists, effects of environmental litter include harmful effect to our storm water system, streams, rivers and oceans and our wildlife (Wisti, 2010). Animals die due to eating plastic grocery bags that are left on the ground. Litter is very harmful for human health and to remove these expenses need to be incurred. In this type of issues that are caused by human habits, it is important that the sources of problems are well identified and then to thinks about the changes that can be brought about. It is significant to cause changes as this is the only way to manage such a problem. Intervention Strategy Firstly it is important to bring about changes in the way human beings think and behave. When their thoughts are such that they feel concerned for their environment and future, it is only then that some initiatives may be taken by them to prevent any sort of environment issue or pollution. Changes may be brought about in the ways people around the world are made aware of the ever increasing issue of environmental litter. Education and awareness are the most significant means to mitigate the issue of environmental littering (Torgler, Frey Wilson, 2009). The increasing population of the world needs to be made aware by the process of education and learning so that the community is addressed upon the growing concern for environmental littering. Another way is to use pre and post butt cleanup for ensuring that public places like parks, pavements, campuses, and beaches are smoke-free and clean. This approach may be introduced by the government of different countries to manage the problem. Some of the other interventions may be Bottle bills that is a deposit return policy which would be greatly helpful in reducing the waste from the disposable bottles and other plastic disposables. The scheme may also be imposed upon cigarette butt usage. The government must take immediate action on banning the use of plastic bags and such policy must be made mandatory. Apart from educating public and large masses with measures and desired actions to impact positively upon the environment, it is also important to maintain amenities that would remind the public of the awareness ('Tiny galaxies littering early universe disappeared from the scene', 2008). For instance, there must be a bin kept at every public places in short distances to remind individuals to throw unwanted objects and items into those bins only. The problem is more acute in urban regions as compared to that of the rural regions. In cities, it is a common phenomenon that travelers who travel by various transport means are tend to throw unwanted items through the window on the road. This needs to be banned by the national governments. Government must put regulations in a way of penalty system for doing so or littering the environment. At multiple locations, sign boards must be put up that creates awareness among all passers-by. Besides, additional taxes must be imposed on the tobacco use like that of cigarette butts, plastic bags, etc. The most important factor is self-awareness (Schultz, Bator, Large, Bruni Tabanico, 2011). Unless an individual is determined himself to pay special attention to the environment, it would not be possible to bring about any changes. So t he first and foremost thing to do is to raise self awareness and conscience. This would be the key step in the process of mitigating the environmental problem. Government must make policies to recycle paper, plastics, bottles, and cans. Individuals must buy only those items that have a biodegradable packaging. At schools and colleges, litter pick-up groups must be initiated to teach students the habit of keeping environment clean and healthy. Organizations may provide incentive to employees to recycle as it may act as motivation to feel concerned about the environment (Chitotombe, 2014). Public seminars may be arranged at regular period of time at the community to support public in understanding the harmful effects of environmental litter and how this may affect their lives in the long run. Just the way it is the responsibility of the individuals to raise self-awareness, it is also important for the government to take effective actions and measures to protect the environment. How Strategies can be Effective The interventions that have been proposed above may prove to be highly effective in preventing and mitigating the problem. These interventions have been suggested after careful thought process and research. It has been rightly said that self-awareness is the most significant requisite whereby individuals raise their conscience and awareness regarding the environment where they live and sustain life. So, education and imparting of learning is important to be undertaken to educate large mass (El-Shawk, 2014). When knowledge and learning is inhibited within the individuals, they would take measures on their own without any sort of compulsion or enforcement. Secondly, government plays a major role in maintaining environmental health. It must frame policies and regulations to counteract the causes of environmental litter (Torgler, Frey Wilson, 2009). Government must put regulations in a way of penalty system for doing so or littering the environment. At multiple locations, sign boards mu st be put up that creates awareness among all passers-by. Besides, additional taxes must be imposed on the tobacco use like that of cigarette butts, plastic bags, etc. In this type of issues that are caused by human habits, it is important that the sources of problems are well identified and then to thinks about the changes that can be brought about. It is significant to cause changes as this is the only way to manage such a problem (Ojedokun, 2011). Firstly it is important to bring about changes in the way human beings think and behave. When their thoughts are such that they feel concerned for their environment and future, it is only then that some initiatives may be taken by them to prevent any sort of environment issue or pollution. Changes may be brought about in the ways people around the world are made aware of the ever increasing issue of environmental litter. References Chitotombe, J. (2014). Interrogating Factors Associated with Littering along Road Servitudes on Zimbabwean Highways.Environmental Management And Sustainable Development,3(1), 181. doi:10.5296/emsd.v3i1.5023 El-Shawk, S. (2014). Plastic debris littering the oceans goes missing.Nature Middle East. doi:10.1038/nmiddleeast.2014.182 Ojedokun, O. (2011). Attitude towards littering as a mediator of the relationship between personality attributes and responsible environmental behavior.Waste Management,31(12), 2601-2611. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2011.08.014 Schultz, P., Bator, R., Large, L., Bruni, C., Tabanico, J. (2011). Littering in Context: Personal and Environmental Predictors of Littering Behavior.Environment And Behavior,45(1), 35-59. doi:10.1177/0013916511412179 Tiny galaxies littering early universe disappeared from the scene. (2008).New Scientist,198(2653), 16. doi:10.1016/s0262-4079(08)61019-2 Torgler, B., Frey, B., Wilson, C. (2009). Environmental and Pro-Social Norms: Evidence on Littering.The B.E. Journal Of Economic Analysis Policy,9(1). doi:10.2202/1935-1682.1929 Wisti, E. (2010). Just Here for Littering.Red Cedar Review,45(1), 68-73. doi:10.1353/rcr.0.0059

The Transformation of Heathcliff Essay Example

The Transformation of Heathcliff Essay In Emily Bronte’s novel, Wuthering Heights, one of the main characters, Heathcliff, makes this transition from the beginning of the story to end. At first , he is sympathetically portrayed as a boy who was shoved into the Earnshaw family, then he becomes this innocent boy who has this never ending love for Catherine Earnshaw, and finally he transforms into this extremely revengeful man who will stop at nothing to try and undo all the wrong things that were done to him. Heathcliff goes from being the victim of the story, to being the victimizer. He is this very distinct person, but he does not have one persona about him. Heathcliff is at times is this sensitive, loving person who would do anything for Catherine. But he is also a wronged person, and because of this, he seeks revenge on almost everybody in the story. Whether or not they have directly harmed him. These two qualities together make Heathcliff a dangerous person overall. I believe that Heathcliff is this naturally sensitive and loving person, but because of all the things that have happened to him, he feels the need to compensate to be accepted by everybody. And the only way he knows how is to take over everything and become as powerful as he can. We will write a custom essay sample on The Transformation of Heathcliff specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Transformation of Heathcliff specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Transformation of Heathcliff specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Heathcliff is brought to Wuthering Heights as a dirty, ragged, gypsy boy, by Mr. Earnshaw, the master of Wuthering Heights. The orphan child is baptized with the name Heathcliff, the name of an Earnshaw baby that died at birth. As Heathcliff grows up, he is compared to a cuckoo by Mrs. Dean. A cuckoo is a bird who comes into a nest and takes the Creswell 2 place of the natural siblings. Heathcliff, like a cuckoo, is an intruder who takes the place of a natural offspring and becomes the sole focus of the family. This circumstance foreshadows a life of a child who tries to be something that is impossible. Heathcliff can never be more than what he is. He can never be accepted as a natural son in the Earnshaw family. Regardless of what he does or how hard he tries, he will always be the interloper. Early in the novel, Heathcliff is picked on by Hindly and he assumes a assertive and threatening posture. You must exchange horses with me: I don t like mine: and if you won t I shall tell your father of the three thrashing youve given me this week, and show him my arm, which is black to the shoulder. [Ch. 4 Pg. 34] Heathcliff knows that he is resented by Hindly and that he can do nothing to please him, therefore, he takes an offensive osition and the hope that through intimidation Hindly will leave him alone. Believing that the best defense is a good offense, Heathcliff expresses his intent to gain the affection of his adopted father by aggravating Hindly, the natural son. Heathcliff uses Hindly s bad disposition to his advantage. Despite Heathcliff s efforts to get along with everyone and b e accepted by the family, he is continually put down and never truly excepted. He never resolves the fact that through no fault of his own, he will never be a true family member. The reader feels empathy for this poor child who has been taken to a strange home and thrown into a situation that he cannot win. Heathcliff soon learns that the only way he can handle Hindly, the natural son, is through threats and acts of hostility. Hindly never accepts Heathcliff and resents his placement into the family. Consequently, he abuses Heathcliff and slowly Heathcliff becomes hardened and bitter. These traits of distrust Creswell 3 and bitterness set the tone of Heathcliff s life and eventual outcome of the book. The circumstances of Heathcliff s adoption alienate the other members of the family. Heathcliff is brought into a home out of love and pity, but because of the conditions that surrounded the humane acts of compassion, the love that began with good intentions ends in disillusionment and devastation. In Heathcliff s dialogue with Hindly, he is slowly getting angry because he was put into a situation he had no control over. Now he feels he is being hurt because of something he was not responsible for. It s easy for people to sympathize with him because he is a child. He is not in control of his environment and he is brutally tormented and mistreated by Hindly. Later in the novel, after Heathcliff has acquired an education and refinement, he visits Edgar and Catherine and surprises everyone with his friendly nature and entertaining demeanor. Are they at home? Where is she? Nelly, are you not glad! You needn’t t be so disturbed. Is she hear? Speak! I want to have one word with her-your mistress. Go, and say some person from Gimmerton desires to see her. Heathcliff is now a tall, polite, and athletic young man. His countenance is intelligent and well-mannered, a huge difference from the young Heathcliff who ran off angry and humiliated when Catherine chose to marry Edgar instead of him. Heathcliff s return is a result of his need to see Catherine. It is an uncontrollable desire and it demonstrates his inability to accept her rejection of him. Once again, he is trying to be something that he is not. Despite the fact that he is no educated and refined, h still needs the acceptance of the family. He has to return because Creswell 4 his identity is tied to being a member of the family. He cannot reconcile the fact that he was rejected as an orphan and is now rejected as a young man. Because of his age, the reader does not sympathize with Heathcliff as much as when he was a child. Also, when he returned everything was calm and running smoothly in Catherines life and his selfish need to see her ruined that. However, despite the fact that he has now assumed some responsibility for his own life, he is still a sympathetic character because he is driven by his uncontrollable love and immaturity. At the conclusion of the novel, after years of frustration and coping with an unrequited love, Heathcliff is an angry and embittered individual who has lost his humanity. I know how to chastise children, you see, said the scoundrel, grimly, as he stopped to repossess himself of the key, which had dropped to the floor. Go to Linton now, as I told you; and cry at your ease! I shall be your father, tomorrow-all the father youll have in a few days-and you shall have plenty of that-you can bear plenty-you re no weakling-you shall have a daily taste, if I catch such a devil of a temper in your eyes again Heathcliff has become a bitter man who takes pleasure in humiliating people and inflicting his will on them. He has a nasty temper and a mean personality. Heathcliff takes pride in hurting people by physically and emotionally abusing them. The transition from tormented to tormentor has made Heathcliff a villain. He is an alienated and embittered man who has let life ruin him because he never got over a circumstance of his adoption that left him insecure and the rejection by Catherine that left him lonely and frustrated. Throughout the course of Heathcliff s Creswell 5 change from an innocent child to a corrupted man, the reader loses his empathy for Heathcliff and replaces it with hatred. Works Cited Bronte, Emily Wuthering Heights 1847 Ed. Emily Bronte 4th ed. NewYork: Norton, 2003. Print.

Description of the Alamo essays

Description of the Alamo essays The Alamo, one of America's most famous landmarks, was actually a mission to convert foreigners into Christians. The Spaniards built it and called it San Antonio de Valero. It was constructed in the northeast part of Mexico called Texas. The mission began to be called the Alamo mission because in Spanish, Alamo means popular. After about seventy-five years, the mission was abandoned and parts of it crumbled into ruins. In 1821 Mexico won its freedom from Spain and they were now able to vote for leaders as the Americans could. Also, in 1821 an American lawyer named Stephen Austin moved to Texas. Mr. Austin believed that if enough farmers settled the land it could become very prosperous. The settlers agreed to be good citizens and good farmers. They also agreed to build towns and schools and make Texas a safe place to live. The Mexican government liked the idea of the Americans taming the wild, barren land. After all, no one else wanted to even try. In 1824 Mexico adopted a constitution much like the American constitution. This Mexican constitution promised that when Texas got to the point that when there were enough people living there, it would be a separate state with its own capital and government. Later politicians and military leaders began fighting over who should run the government, and the constitution was soon ignored. Leaders, one after the other, came into power. The amount of Americans living in Mexico was rapidly multiplying. Mexico began to worry, especially when America offered to buy Texas from them. The Mexican government passed a law forbidding any more Americans to live in Mexico. Shortly afterwards an extremely powerful military leader named Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna seized leadership of the Mexican government. Santa Anna strongly opposed the Mexican constitution and threw it out. He decided that the people could not and would not elect their leaders any more. Steph...

Sweet Sixteen essays

Sweet Sixteen essays Sweet Sixteen Directed by Ken Loach There is a strong sense of documentary about Sweet Sixteen. You cant help feeling that what youre watching being played out on screen is simultaneously being played out on thousands of council estates throughout the country. The films director Ken Loach has provided a forum for the issues of social and economic poverty before. His approach in this film is neither ground-breaking nor innovative, but what he does achieve in Sweet Sixteen is something far greater. He actually makes us care. Many, indeed most, may be bored with the issue but the characters surpass the cliche and hold the attention of the audience. They are the everyday Joes of societies underclass, as recognisable off screen as on. Fortunately, however, they exist not just as symbolic but as well-rounded 3-dimensional characters. Society may well have created thousands upon thousands of Liams but we want this one to be different. The dreary urbanised setting of a Scottish council estate and the indistinguishable Greenock brogue serve to localise concepts that are essentially universal. The perpetuation of the social cycle is at the heart of the underlying social commentary we have come to expect from Loach. Remaining true to the form of his previous films Loach with his screenwriter Paul Laverty confront the issue at hand with a gritty realism, void of the patronising sympathies that often come hand in hand with a film of this nature. A great strength in Sweet Sixteen is the performance of non-actor Martin Compston as Liam. Compston shows great promise as the films pathetic hero, capturing with great sensitivity the intelligence and affection which endear us to the otherwise hopeless character. The continual frustration of Liams dreams is at times heart-rendering. Liam turns to crime becau...

Customary law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Customary law - Essay Example This essay discusses that customary laws still reside the basis of new laws in modern societies. For instance in the United States, United Kingdom and other countries custom laws takes the form of common law. Modern legal issues such as the application of commerce laws to the internet in the 1990s, started as customary laws. For custom laws to be applied in the international law it needs to have met three conditions. One it should have widespread recurrence in that many states need to be applying that law in their countries. Secondly, each nation should have a sense of obligation to have the set standard and in enforcing the laws. Third the laws should bring about little dispute among the states internationally to be able to be applied. Customary legal systems tend to the following basic principle in their application. One there should be a strong concern for individual rights. Two; laws enforced by victims backed by reciprocal agreements. Thirdly, standard adjudication procedures mu st be observed to avoid violence. Four offences treated as torts punishable through economic restitution, five legal changes by means of an evolutionary process of developing customs and norms. Cultural law can be seen to have some advantages for the following reasons. They are flexible and easy to implement to suit the situation at hand. Because most of the customary laws are from the peoples who believe they are normally are easily changed and accepted. The peoples and the community’s cultures are given some sense of recognition by these customary laws hence making them easily acceptable to many people in the world. It also gives assurances to the minorities in the world that their way of life is given some preference in the application of law universally3. Through the application of customary laws, it gives the people a sense of belonging and recognition in the application of the laws. Most customary laws have undergone changes in their content, interpretation, and enforce ment. While changing, they can also stagnate if amid their evolution, the people give them a rigid interpretation especially if the customs continue when their social base has changed. A community may justify their continuance or avoidance by stating that its forefathers have ordained them. The customary laws change also when they are codified particularly when the formal system that has a written document as its base recognizes them. Discussion Presently, in a majority of cases, where customary law conflicts with domestic law the latter prevails, the exception being where a national law can be shown to conflict with constitutionally recognized customary rights. In such cases, the aggrieved party will still need the authorities to amend the offending legislation, and to take such remedial measures as may be required to redress any wrong, which has occurred. In some cases, there may be little hope of redress where irreversible exploitation of resources has occurred. Where no constitu tional protection exists, communities will forever be dependent upon the goodwill of the national authorities, as legislative action can at any time result in the abrogation of ancestral rights. Customary law and practice may be undermined by adoption of culturally insensitive national laws. Similarly, traditional authority is being eroded as those unhappy with their decisions seek

Nuclear Accedents Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Nuclear Accedents - Essay Example Nuclear Fission. Nuclear fission is described as the process of splitting a heavy atom into two or more lighter atoms by bombarding the heavy atom with a slow moving neutron. As the heavy atom splits, a large amount of energy is released. In addition, a number of neutrons are released which in turn splits other heavy atoms. This creates a chain reaction that releases the energy required to generate electricity in nuclear power plants (Washington State Department of Health 2003). As shown in Figure 1, a slow moving neutron hits a heavy atom, in this case Uranium-235 and splits it into two lighter atoms, Krypton-92 and Barium-141, and 3 neutrons. Figure 1. Nuclear fission (FastFission 2010b). In Figure 2, the three neutrons either: (1) gets absorbed by Uranium-238 and does not split the atom; (2) does not hit any other atom, which stops the reaction; or (3) hits another Uranium-235 atom and causes it to split, replicating the previous process. This continuous process of splitting atoms is called a nuclear fission chain reaction. Breeze (2005) described the energy produced as enormous. Theoretically, one kilogram of naturally-occurring Uranium can produce about 140 GWh of energy, which is equivalent to the power output of a 1000 MWh coal-fired power plant operating at full power for approximately 6 days. Figure 2. Fission chain reaction (FastFission 2010). Nuclear Power Plants. To generate electrical power, nuclear fission is harnessed in a way that a controlled nuclear reaction can take place and continue indefinitely. In a nuclear reactor, fission is controlled by the use of boron rods which absorb the neutrons generated, stopping the chain reaction from proceeding. Another crucial component in nuclear reactors is the presence of a moderator, usually in the form of water or graphite. Water slows the neutrons down, making fission possible. Otherwise, fast moving neutrons cannot initiate a fission reaction (Breeze 2005). Figure 3. A typical pressurized water react or setup (United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission 2007) Figure 3 illustrates how a nuclear power plant works. As Uranium undergoes fission, an enormous amount of energy is generated. This energy is released in the form of heat which raises the temperature of the water inside the reactor. As the water heats up, it is pumped through pipes and flows into a steam generator. As the pipes get in contact with the colder water stored in the steam generator, steam is produced. The steam then drives the turbines connected to the generators, producing electricity. The hot water from the reactor does not come in contact with the water in the steam generator since the hot water is separated by the pipes. This eliminates the risk of radioactive materials going outside the reactor (Breeze 2005). NRX accident in Canada. The NRX reactor was created to demonstrate the use of heavy water or D2O as a moderator for nuclear reactors and served as the forerunner of the Canada Deuterium Uranium or CAND U reactor. It was constructed in Canada during in 1947. The NRX reactors utilized uranium fuel rods contained in a pressure tube cooled by light water flowing between the rods and the pressure tube wall. Meanwhile, heavy water is utilized as the moderator flowing between pressure tubes (Martin 2006). Figure

Actions Speak Louder Than Words Essay Example for Free

Actions Speak Louder Than Words Essay A gossip between a passenger and Software Engineer in Shatabdi Train ..An interesting and a must read! Actions may not actually speak louder than words but they do prove things better. Like the saying, A picture is worth a thousand words. an action shows that someone is genuine. Someone may say that they will help the hungry people of the world, but when they actually get out there and feed them, we believe it. Here is an example: If you say you are going to donate a million dollars to a school then that is all good and well, but if you actually do it (the action) then it will make much more of an impact that just saying it. Basically it means that you have to walk the walk not just talk the talk. Vivek Pradhan was not a happy man.. Even the plush comfort of the air-conditioned compartment of the Shatabdi express could not cool his frayed nerves. He was the Project Manager and still not entitled to air travel. It was not the prestige he sought, he had tried to reason with the admin person, it was the savings in time. As PM, he had so many things to do!! He opened his case and took out the laptop, determined to put the time to some good use. Are you from the software industry sir? the man beside him was staring appreciatively at the laptop. Vivek glanced briefly and mumbled in affirmation, handling the laptop now with exaggerated care and importance as if it were an expensive car. You people have brought so much advancement to the country, Sir. Today everything is getting computerized. Thanks, smiled Vivek, turning around to give the man a look. He always found it difficult to resist appreciation. The man was young and stockily built like a sportsman.. He looked simple and strangely out of place in that little lap of luxury like a small town boy in a prep school. He probably was a railway sportsman making the most of his free traveling pass. You people always amaze me, the man continued, You sit in an office and write something on a computer and it does so many big things outside. Vivek smiled deprecatingly. Naiveness demanded reasoning not anger. It is not as simple as that my friend. It is not just a question of writing a few lines. There is a lot of process that goes behind it. For a moment, he was tempted to explain the entire Software Development Lifecycle but restrained himself to a single statement. It is complex, very complex. It has to be. No wonder you people are so highly paid, came the reply. This was not turning out as Vivek had thought. A hint of belligerence crept into his so far affable, persuasive tone. Everyone just sees the money. No one sees the amount of hard work we have to put in. Indians have such a narrow concept of hard work. Just because we sit in an air-conditioned office, does not mean our brows do not sweat. You exercise the muscle; we exercise the mind and believe me that is no less taxing. He could see, he had the man where he wanted, and it was time to drive home the point. Let me give you an example. Take this train. The entire railway reservation system is computerized. You can book a train ticket between any two stations from any of the hundreds of computerized booking centers across the country. Thousands of transactions accessing a single database, at a time concurrently; data integrity, locking, data security. Do you understand the complexity in designing and coding such a system? The man was awestruck; quite like a child at a planetarium. This was something big and beyond his imagination. You design and code such things? I used to, Vivek paused for effect, but now I am the Project Manager. Oh! sighed the man, as if the storm had passed over, so your life is easy now. This was like the last straw for Vivek. He retorted, Oh come on, does life ever get easy as you go up the ladder. Responsibility only brings more work. Design and coding! That is the easier part. Now I do not do it, but I am responsible for it and believe me, that is far more stressful. My job is to get the work done in time and with the highest quality. To tell you about the pressures, there is the customer at one end, always changing his requirements, the user at the other, wanting something else, and your boss, always expecting you to have finished it yesterday. Vivek paused in his diatribe, his belligerence fading with self-realization. What he had said, was not merely the outburst of a wronged man, it was the truth. And one need not get angry while defending the truth. My friend, he concluded triumphantly, you dont know what it is to be in the Line of Fire. The man sat back in his chair, his eyes closed as if in realization. When he spoke after sometime, it was with a calm certainty that surprised Vivek. I know sir,.. I know what it is to be in the Line of Fire He was staring blankly, as if no passenger, no train existed, just a vast expanse of time. There were 30 of us when we were ordered to capture Point 4875 in the cover of the night. The enemy was firing from the top. There was no knowing where the next bullet was going to come from and for whom. In the morning when we finally hoisted the tri-colour at the top only 4 of us were alive. You are a? I am Subedar Sushant from the 13 JK Rifles on duty at Peak 4875 in Kargil. They tell me I have completed my term and can opt for a soft assignment. But, tell me sir, can one give up duty just because it makes life easier? On the dawn of that capture, one of my colleagues lay injured in the snow, open to enemy fire while we were hiding behind a bunker. It was my job to go and fetch that soldier to safety. But my captain sahib refused me permission and went ahead himself. He said that the first pledge he had taken as a Gentleman Cadet was to put the safety and welfare of the nation foremost followed by the safety and welfare of the men he commanded .his own personal safety came last, always and every time. He was killed as he shielded and brought that injured soldier into the bunker.. Every morning thereafter, as we stood guard, I could see him taking all those bullets, which were actually meant for me . I know sir.I know, what it is to be in the Line of Fire. Vivek looked at him in disbelief not sure of how to respond. Abruptly, he switched off the laptop. It seemed trivial, even insulting to edit a Word document in the presence of a man for whom valour and duty was a daily part of life; valour and sense of duty which he had so far attributed only to epical heroes. The train slowed down as it pulled into the station, and Subedar Sushant picked up his bags to alight. It was nice meeting you sir. Vivek fumbled with the handshake. This hand had climbed mountains, pressed the trigger, and hoisted the tri-colour. Suddenly, as if by impulse, he stood up at attention and his right hand went up in an impromptu salute. It was the least he felt he could do for the country. PS: The incident he narrated during the capture of Peak 4875 is a true-life incident during the Kargil war. Capt. Batra sacrificed his life while trying to save one of the men he commanded, as victory was within sight. For this and various other acts of bravery, he was awarded the Param Vir Chakra, the nations highest military award. Live humbly, there are great people around us, let us learn! BE POLITE EVERYONE U MEET IS FIGHTING A HARD BATTLE!

In some poems the poets write about their feelings towards people. :: English Literature

In some poems the poets write about their feelings towards people. Compare 3 poems in this collection: the Laboratory, Havisham and My last Duchess The poems ‘The Laboratory’ by Robert Browning, ‘My Last Duchess’ by Robert Browning and ‘Havisham’ by Carol Ann Duffy all write about their feelings towards the characters in their poems. The laboratory is about a lady making poison to kill the man she loves ladies that he has chosen over her. In My Last Duchess it is about a man talking about his last duchess and what she did wrong and that the end result was murder. Havisham is about a lady who has gone mad over a love she once had who she was engaged to but at the last moment broke off their wedding and she never moves on from that day. In the poem ‘The Laboratory’ by Robert Browning the persona of the poem shows that she is very bitter towards her love as she wants him all to herself and not have to share him with others. She wants revenge on the times that she has missed out on without him and also for the times when ‘they believe my tears flow’ (Line 6+7) when this is untrue. She has worked out a way to get her revenge by making a poison that they will en joy even though it is going to kill the person who drinks it. In ‘Havisham’ by Carol Ann Duffy the persona of the poem who is Miss Havisham is filled with bitterness like the lady in the Laboratory. Miss Havisham bitterness is aimed at her fiancà © who left her on her wedding day and for this she never changes out of her wedding dress. This bitterness is not only aimed at her once fiancà © but to all men because she believes that they are all the same. In ‘My Last Duchess’ by Robert Browning it is not the lady that is

In this paper, we evaluate a set of three medical

In this paper, we evaluate a set of three medical related websites namely www.nln.org for the National league of Nursing, www.nursingworld.org for the American Nursing Association, www.ama-assn.org for the American Medical Association and the https://www.ncsbn.org/index.htm for the National Council for State boards in Nursing. We also evaluate an Archives resource site namely https://www.congress.gov// or the Thomas, the website of the Library of Congress of the United States of America.Prior to presenting the evaluation we briefly describe each website: the purpose of these sites and their current set-up. We then go into the evaluation proper where we analyze the overall content, style and functionality of each site. In the overall content of the websites the quality of the information being presented and the comprehensiveness of the information is assessed.Moreover, how current the information located in the websites and where they were derived or from what authority this informati on was derived is also assessed. Lastly, in evaluating the style and functionality of the sites we take into consideration the layout or the manner content is presented within the sites, ease in navigating the sites, its compatibility with respect to various browsers, information space with respect to advertising pages, and the speed upon which it is accessed through the internet.The first of the sites to be evaluated is www.nursingworld.org, the official website of the American Nursing Association (ANA). Briefly, ‘ANA is the only full-service professional organization representing the nation's 2.9 million registered nurses (RNs) (About the American Nurses association,  that advances nursing through imbibing high standards, promoting the economic welfare in their workplace and by proactively lobbying governmental agencies on issues affecting them.For the overall content, the website contains comprehensive and relevant information supportive of the purpose of ANA mentioned pr eviously. The site has sections on information and services, newsroom and nursing issues/programs that sustain continuous support for promoting high standards in the nursing practice. It also has a section for showing their advocacies and initiatives for nurses’ general welfare, with sub-sections directing users to view publications relevant to nurses in the United States.As for the currency of the documents, the documents are up to date with uploaded documents as latest as January 11, 2007 (‘Press releases from the American Nurses Association†, http://www.nursingworld.org/pressrel/). As for the authority of the documents published, the documents that are published have their corresponding sources accompanying them. All these information are presented in a notably clear and concise fashion.For the style and functionality of the website, the overall layout is easily understandable. The site can be easily navigated and the information is clearly sorted out for easy access, even though the site carries a lot of information it is surprisingly accessible. On the other hand, the address of the site (www.nursingworld.org) is a bit misleading if you were to guess what would be the site of ANA and a name as www.ana.org or www.americannursingassociation.org may have been the better URL.The use of images instead of flash movies may have the decreased the site’s overall aesthetic impact to the user but without the use of flash movies, the site can then be easily accessible from any computer with varying internet speed with information prompting fast. Lastly for the evaluation of the www.nursingworld.org, the information relative to the advertisements, they are separated clearly in order to reduce the clutter and make browsing easier.The second site is www.ama-assn.org or the American Medical Association (AMA). AMA ‘helps doctors help patients by uniting physicians nationwide to work on the most important professional and public health issue s’ (‘The AMA mission’, http://www.ama-assn.org/ama/pub/category/1815.html). Although it is similar to the initiatives and programs of ANA, AMA has a wider market as it focuses on the entire medical profession.For the overall content of the site, it has similarities as that of the ANA site, with additions of ‘professional resources section’ for medical practitioners and ‘med school ; residency site‘ for medical students. Most of the information is up to date except for the annual report is only has the 2005 annual report. In addition, the site’s information is taken from credible sources, which are also accessible in the site.As for the overall layout of the site, the vast information is batched together in a clear and easily understandable manner such that users can browse through the site easily. The site utilizes flash movies that make the site more appealing and further imbibes to the users the vision and mission of AMA. Apart f rom what was mentioned above, there are however no significant or innovative means of presenting data seen from the ANA and the AMA site.The third website is www.nln.org which is the site for the National League for Nursing (NLN). The purpose of NLN is similar to that of ANA but is slightly varied. According to its purpose (http://www.nln.org/aboutnln/ourmission.htm), the NLN ‘advances excellence in nursing education that prepares the nursing workforce to meet the needs of diverse populations in an ever-changing healthcare environment.’ This purpose is done through achieving the goals of Nursing education, Faculty development, Research in Nursing Education, Data collection, assessment and evaluation and Public Policy.For the overall content of the site, information pertinent to the goals mentioned above is clearly visible. Users who wish to participate in achieving one of the goals or for anyone who would just want to browse through the site can easily go to a specific heading and see its related sections. In terms of the currency of the documents, most of the documents are up to date however there are some documents such as the calendar of activities of NLN, which are still in need of updating (the calendar is still 2006).As for the overall layout, the site has a asymmetric design, departing from the modular and common website design that sets it apart from the rest of the websites being evaluated although the site uses only simple graphics to present its content. The site can easily be navigated, with information clearly divided and grouped together into concise headings that make it easier to browse through. Lastly, uploading time for the site is suitable for users with varying Internet bandwidths due to its low-memory web design, thus information no matter the manner of Internet access can easily acquire information.Another site evaluated is https://www.ncsbn.org/, the site for the National Council for State Boards for Nursing (NCSBN). The NCS BN is a United States-state wide organization aiming to promote and advance regulatory excellence in Nursing for public protection (‘Mission and Values,’ https://www.ncsbn.org/182.htm).For the overall content of the site, it has comprehensive content mostly pertaining to the nursing profession and for the regulatory nursing boards, each other that implies that their site presents specific, relevant and concise information that complement each other. The documents are well cited with authorities in the field clearly stated accompanying any research or paper they did for NCSBN. Overall the site is up to date, with sections for instance the calendar of activities that go as far presenting dates of activities for this year in advance, which is good for most people. However there are sections in the site that still need to be updated, sections such as the News releases and the annual report.As for the style and functionality, the site is more â€Å"cleaner† than the o thers in terms of the layout. The information is presented in such a way that even though there is a lot of information presented, the website is still able to present it in a simple manner that would not make the user â€Å"disoriented.† The site can be easily navigated with all the information easily accessible. The site however goes back to the symmetric design unlike the site of NLN. The site utilizes simple flash presentations in their homepage that gives an additional aesthetic impact to the user.Lastly, we evaluate http://thomas.loc.gov/, the site for the Library of Congress of the United States of America. According to the section describing the site (http://thomas.loc.gov/home/abt_thom.html), ‘THOMAS was launched in January of 1995, at the inception of the 104th Congress. The leadership of the 104th Congress directed the Library of Congress to make federal legislative information freely available to the public.’ Currently is being maintained by the Libra ry of Congress.For the overall content of the site, its presents a multitude of information as concise as possible yet the site still appears to be heavily cluttered with information. However as compared to the other sites and the content they hold, Thomas is appreciably easy to understand-simple as it possibly can. In terms of the authority, the information presented by the Thomas is undoubtedly accurate and comes from directly from the source that is Congress. In addition, the documents stored in the site are the most current in the field, with daily updates coming directly from Congress. Links are also presented in the site that are relevant to users who wish to browse other relevant legislation.In terms of style and functionality, the Thomas has a simple layout and aesthetic appearance as compared to the other sites. The main page is a bit cluttered so there is a possibility that first time users might get lost with regards to the immense information being presented and the one the user wishes to find. However the site boasts of a search engine for their database that is incredibly useful for users and researchers that would want to find the necessary information which adds up to the overall functionality of the website. Lastly, due to its simple web design, the site can be easily accessed with any Internet bandwidth at any location at any time. References:The American Nursing Association. Retrieved Jan 13, 2006 from www.nursingworld.orgThe American Medical Association. Retrieved Jan 13, 2006 from www.ama-assn.orgThe National League for Nursing. Retrieved Jan 13, 2006 from www.nln.orgThe National Council of State boards of Nursing. Retrieved Jan 13, 2006 from www.ncsbn.org

The Bible Among Myth

LIBERTY UNIVERSITY A BOOK SUMMARY THE BIBLE AMONG THE MYTHS: BY AUTHOR JOHN N. OSWALT NAME OF STUDENT: FABIOLA REID STUDENT ID: 22379938 CLASS: OBST 590 INSTRUCTOR’S NAME: DR. ALVIN THOMPSON DATE SUBMITTED: 03/03/2013 INTRODUTION The author, John N. Oswalt, begins his introduction, speaking in regards to the differences between the Old Testament, religions and cultures of the people from the Ancient Near East. As The Bible Among the Myths begins it is the assumption that while there has been no change since the 1960’s, there has been a shifted.Before then, Scholars believed that the Old Testament was true and not compared to any other, however, now scholars questioned this belief and have begun to believe that the Old Testament writings are similar to the other religions of its day. [1] Oswalt continues by discussing a most important philosophical difference within the Old Testament and its contemporaries. He states that there is a clear distinction between â€Å"essen ce† and â€Å"accident. † [2] Oswalt states that an accident can be something as similar as hair, while self-consciousness is an essential.To remove an accident will not cause change but to remove an essential, this thing will cease to be itself. [3] ————————————————- The author establishes to the reader the conception of myth also imitating the option that scholars continue to differ greatly on this definition; Oswalt insists that this ought to not dissuade the individual from seeking a good definition of the word. In order for him to define this word, he list four basic characteristics of a myth. 1. John N. Oswalt, The Bible Among the Myths, Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2009, 11-12 2.Ibid, 13. 3. Ibid. The first characteristic; mankind having little or no intrinsic value and the second characteristic was the relative lack of interest in historical studies. T he third is the practice of magic and involvement with the occult. The fourth is the refusal to accept responsibility for individual actions. [4] Oswalt concludes his introduction with a substantial claim. He emphasizes that theological claims are inseparable from historical claims. [5] Oswalt states that trustworthiness must be contingent upon both the theological and historical claims.If the historical claims are patently false, then no credence ought to be given to the theological decrees, In the end, I am not advocating a â€Å"the Bible says it, and I believe it, and that settles it† point of view, although those who disagree with me may argue that to be the case. What I am advocating is a willingness to allow the Bible to determine the starting place of the investigation. [6] CHAPTER ONE ————————————————- The first chapter discusses the Bible in milieu of its surroundings and contribution to society as a whole.Oswalt mentions that there are many contributions to way the Western world views reality. The Bible, however, is the most important contributor. [7] 4. Ibid, 14. 5. Ibid, 16. 6. Ibid, 17. 7. Ibid, 21. Greek Thought: The Greek philosophers of the early centuries brought in this way of thinking that was to have a profound effect on the western world. The belief, in a â€Å"universe† instead of a â€Å"polyverse,† adding, simple cause and effect, as well as non-contradiction were three of their most significant contributions. [8] Hebrew Thought:While the Greek philosophers were struggling to express their point of view, the Hebrews were also articulating their beliefs by way of the prophets. Their beliefs were as follows: There is only one God, God is the sole Creator of all that is, God exist apart from creation, God has made himself known to his people, God has made his will known to his people, and God rewards and pun ishes people for following or disobeying his will. [9] Combing Greek and Hebrew Thought: ————————————————-Oswalt states; when the Gospel of Jesus presupposed the Israelite worldview, penetrated into the Greco-Roman world, this set the stage for the combination of the Greek and the Hebrew worldviews in the distinctively Christian way. The Greeks’ rational thought combined with Hebrew people’s belief in monotheism. [10] 8. Ibid, 22. 9. Ibid, 23. 10. Ibid, 25 Oswalt argues that logic was not completely developed until after people realized that God not only was the sole creator of the universe, but was also completely separate from the creation.What is most important is that science and logic cannot stand on their own and if they attempt to then this will lead to self-destruction. Oswalt gives an example; Hiroshima and the Buchenwald concentration camp and human ity’s achievements when it is devoid of God’s influence. [11] CHAPTER TWO In this second chapter, Oswalt discusses his definition of myth. However before Oswalt begins this definition he begins to argue the very question with regard to the myth and why it is questioned at this time. Oswalt mentions that fifty years ago there would not be such a question.However by the 1960’s and as more scholars begin to research the Bible, more questions aroused. [12] ————————————————- Oswalt wishes to apply the appropriate classification to the Bible. Unequivocally, he describes whether or not the Bible should be considered a myth or not. In order to properly answer the question, Oswalt list several definitions posed by scholars today. As Oswalt listed these definitions, he also explains why he feels that they are inadequate. 11. Ibid, 27. 12. Ibid, 29-30. The catego ry of definitions falls under one group known ashistorical-Philosophical and they are as follows; 1.Etymological – based on a false and fictitious deity or event. 2. Sociological-Theological – the truth is seen as relative and something is seen as true if it is seen by others. 3. Literary – the events are not seen as right or wrong. Instead, the narrative employs heavy use of symbolism to express its meaning. [13] ————————————————- These definitions all have one thing in common which is at their core; they all believe in the philosophy of continuity. Oswalt states that continuity is a philosophical principle that asserts that all things are continuous with each other.Oswalt uses an example of a person being â€Å"one with the tree. † Not merely symbolically or spiritually, but actually. The tree is me; I am the tree. [14] 13. Ibid, 33, 36, 38. 1 4. Ibid, 43. CHAPTER THREE Chapter three discusses Continuity as the center of topic. Carrying over from chapter two the one thing that myths have in common at their core is the presence of continuity. This way of thinking is viewed as all things are viewed as related in some form or fashion. There are three major forces (humanity, nature, and the divine) this is where everything exists within the circle. 15] The effects of continuity are numerous and varied in accordance. One of these effects is looking at signs in nature. The effects are attempted to be explained by weather patterns, floods, fire, plagues and the celestial beings. Other examples are the effects of fertility and potency and the preoccupation of the people thereof. Oswalt uses the example of how sexuality is so central to people’s lives today is a reason for this effect of continuity. [16] ———————————————à ¢â‚¬â€- Finally, Oswalt deals straightforwardly with what he feels are the common features of myth.Excluding a few exceptions, myths all share the belief that their existence is based on Polytheism. Which is the belief of more than one god or and many gods. The second is these gods in the form of images. The use of symbols and icons are believed strongly in order to interact with nature and the divine. The gods themselves are not view highly in fact view lowly, they are not seen as actual beings. Confliction is what is needed in order for the universe to evolve and myths have a low view of mankind. [17] 15. Ibid, 48. 16. Ibid, 50-56. 17. Ibid, 57-59.CHAPTER FOUR In chapter four Oswalt reverts back to characteristics of the Bible. Here he argues with the topic of transcendence, where God (who has been in existence before the universe) interacts with all things thereof. In this Biblical thought process there is uniqueness with regard to the modern-day belief systems in many ways. How ever one must bear in mind that the Old Testament is remarkably self-consistent regarding the things it maintains about the nature of reality. [18] Oswalt provides the reader with a broaden list of some common characteristics.Monotheism, of course one of the most obvious characteristics of the Bible that stands out among other religions. With the exception of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam which are all directly correlated from the Bible. Most other religions are polytheistic. The existence of Yahweh being the only God was a defining characteristic for the Old Testament and the Bible as a whole. [19] ————————————————- Another characteristic of the Old Testament theory is that God was in existence prior to the all creation. All that exist is after God and God created it.Oswalt states that if the world is full of chaos that it is not due to God but the spirits of this worl d. Oswalt mentions that the Bible is a position to insist that the problem of humanity is not a tragic fatedness to evil, but a spirit that prefers evil to good. [20] 18. Ibid, 63. 19. Ibid, 64-65. 20. Ibid, 66. CHAPTER FIVE In chapter five Oswalt argues that the Bible is totally different from other religious writings and is unique in its self. Oswalt further discusses the issues of ethics, In the Ancient Near East; the non-biblical worldviews held two sets of ethics.One set is related to how people interacted with each other. The other set of ethics is related to how people acted upon the deities. In Bible ethics behavior was defined by God and God alone and not subject to the social changes in society, they obey God. [21] Oswalt discusses some of the similarities between Israelites and non-Israelites. Some of the practices were quite similar. The sacrificial ceremonial, the manner of their offerings, the layout of the tabernacle and temple and also the decoration of the temple al l seem similar to those of the Israelite and non-Israelite people.Their practices of expression and thought pattern were similar to where Oswalt indorses his belief that these areas are incidental and not essential to the basic identities of the people. [22] CHAPTER SIX ————————————————- Chapter six introduces the Bible and History, Oswalt points out the there is a distinction, between myths and the Bible, whereas the myths are based on many gods, the Bible is based on one God. History and the Bible run parallel to each other. Oswalt argues the idea that to state the Bible is not â€Å"historical â€Å"is something of an oxymoron. 23] 21. Ibid, 85-87. 22. Ibid, 91-97. 23. Ibid, 112. Oswalt uses Webster’s New World Dictionary of the American Language to describe the definition that he feels would best fit history. History functions on different levels. Its connecti ons could be to someone or something or both. Yet the Bible is its own form of history correlated with mankind and their surroundings. [24] CHAPTER SEVEN AND EIGHT Oswalt attempts to address some of the issues that were used against the Bible concerning its historical stance.Oswalt does mentions some gaps, progress and lack of progress, whether the Bible is â€Å"history-like† or â€Å"historical fiction† as well as how it relates to revelation and supernatural events and whether Israel is unique in these areas. [25] Oswalt makes the case in the eight chapter that the Bible is historical and completely accurate. Oswalt states this matter is of the utmost importance. While one would state that there are sections of the Bible that are not historical for example; poetic and wisdom, these too are historical because they describe people, relationships weaknesses and failures.The entire Bible is historical especially when it pertains to the history of the Jesus Christ. †”———————————————- The author states that one could argue German distinction between Historie (defining what happen) and Geschichte (telling what is going on) as being valid. [26] 24. Ibid, 112-115. 25. Ibid, 138-141. 26. Ibid, 157-168. The conclusion of this section determines that history is inseparable from theology in the Bible. Theology is in relation to the historical events. The author uses an exceptional example with regard to the resurrection to support this conclusion.He directs the reader to one of the epistles written by the Apostle Paul to the church of Corinth. The Apostle Paul states that one’s faith cannot exist without a historical belief in the resurrection of Jesus Christ. [27] If Christ was not raised then your faith is futile and you are still in your sins. (1 Cor. 15:17) CHAPTER NINE AND TEN ———————â⠂¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€- In chapter nine the author discusses alternative views pertaining to the biblical narrative as it is known today. He began with the arguments of John Van Seters.Professor Van Seters emphasizes that the Bible had to have been altered by Jewish priest after Babylonian exile. [28] Oswalt mentions that the second is Frank Cross who assumes that the Bible used to be an epic poem, however was changed into the Old Testament’s current state at some point. [29] The third is William Dever who believes that Israel’s belief systems were identical to Canaanite beliefs and the Christian scholars have overlooked certain facts throughout history to portray an inaccurate account of ancient Israel. 30] Then, finally, Oswalt discusses Mark Smith and his opinion of Israel’s belief system. Mark Smith argues that Israel’s beliefs are directly originated from the Canaanite’s polytheistic beliefs. [31] 27. Ibid, 170. 28. Ibid, 173. 29. Ibid, 175. 30. Ibid, 177-180. 31. Ibid, 181-184. The author concludes this book in chapter ten where he reiterates his main points taken from previous chapters. He stresses the major theme is that contrast between biblical and non-biblical views of reality. The biblical view is deep-seated in transcendence and the non-biblical view is deep-seated in continuity. 31] In the end, we may differ on the biblical worldview and theology, given to them, but what matters in the end is how we answer the following questions: Is there a God? Does he have a will for our lives? Has he made known that will to us in intelligible actions and speech in time and space? If we answer â€Å"no† then the entire enterprise is bootless. However, if our answer is â€Å"yes† the question of what God’s will is and how he has chosen to reveal it becomes one of absolutely ultimate significance. [32] ———————â⠂¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€- 31. Ibid, 185. 32. Ibid, 194.REFERENCES 1. Oswalt, John, N. , The Bible Among the Myths Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2009, 11-12 2. Ibid, 13. 3. Ibid. 4. Ibid, 14. 5. Ibid, 16. 6. Ibid, 17. 7. Ibid, 21. 8. Ibid, 22. 9. Ibid, 23. 10. Ibid, 25. 11. Ibid, 27. 12. Ibid, 29-30. 13. Ibid, 33, 36, 38. 14. Ibid, 43. 15. Ibid, 48. 16. Ibid, 50-56. 17. Ibid, 57-59. 18. Ibid, 63. 19. Ibid, 64-65. 20. Ibid, 66. 21. Ibid, 85-87. 22. Ibid, 91-97. 23. Ibid, 112. 24. Ibid, 112-115. 25. Ibid, 138-141. 26. Ibid, 157-168. 27. Ibid, 170. 28. Ibid, 172. 29. Ibid, 175. 30. Ibid, 177-180. 31. Ibid, 181-184. 32. Ibid, 185 33. Ibid, 194

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Wall and Piece Essay Example for Free

Wall and Piece Essay Over the years, there have been evidences and reports of people beginning to admire street art. There have been news reports stating that street works from internationally known urban artists have been covered with perspex glass in order to preserve it, or that there have been security cameras placed by it to prevent it from being stolen. There are other reports regarding urban art movements which people have learned to accept because of the relevance of the messages encrypted within the artwork. There are different modern art movements that address social issues relevant to the present. Street art has gained an audience and is gradually being accepted in society. This is due to graffiti art being utilized for commercial purposes as seen in advertisements, and the existence of different graffiti movements, such as GreenGraffiti, where pressurized water is used to create â€Å"clean† designs on the surface of public areas (Imam). 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Through painting these on walls seen by the general public, more people will stop to look and realize that there are still imperfections that need to be fixed. URBAN ART CONTROVERSIES Contrary to popular belief, urban art and vandalism are not one in the same. According to Sir Joey Quines, an art teacher from Assumption College Makati, â€Å"street art serves its purpose[,] but this does not apply to random scribbles on walls we call vandalism. [V]andalism and street art are NEVER the same. † Yet, despite hearing this input from a professional, people still regard both as socially unnacceptable and illegal. The irony of urban art appreciation. There will always be urban art controversies, and this can be seen in an article Arifa Akbar and Paul Vallely wrote for â€Å"The Independent† concerning the case of London graffiti artists being arrested for defacing public property while the work of the same group was to be put in display in a New York gallery: London is to street art at the start of the 21st century, what Paris was for Impressionism at the start of the 20th, [Bob] says with unfeigned immodesty. And yet we hate graffiti more than anywhere else in the world. England is by far and away the most draconian for punishments for what are only economic crimes. Truly, street art is not acceptable in the present because it is considered vandalism. However, the analogy of Paris to impressionist art in the 20th century to London to street art in the 21st century may give hope to street art. An example of why the spark of hope may remain is the painter Vincent Van Gogh. Van Gogh was considered to be a crazy man whose artwork never sold during the time he lived. No one really appreciated his work and he was able to sell only one of the many he did. However, today in the 21st century, Van Goghs art style is praised. This can be related to urban art since it is considered to be a crude and unorthodox form of art, but despite this, it does have the ability to gain an audience and praise in the future. However, this concern does not only pertain to England. There is another report written for â€Å"The Art Newspaper† regarding a Canadian city beginning to accept graffiti as art, yet there are still oppositions to this move. The city of Toronto formed a committee of urban art specialists in hopes of preserving the street art, however their attempts were rivaled by the building owners and city officials saying that these illustrations were still unacceptable. 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Although there have been very controversial reports regarding the state of urban art and people surrounding this concept, debating on whether to accept this or not, there are certain cities that have accepted it as a part of their culture. These communities have recognized the potential of street art and decided to adapt it as a part of their districts. Graffiti in America began as just art seen on the streets in New York in the 1970s, then grew to be part of the culture. Evidence of this can be seen in Brooklyn, New York, where art tours pass by certain street artworks, according to Dave Betts (Imam). Recognition of graffiti in New York was a small step to a great development in the area: urban art acceptance and appreciation. However small the origins of this art was in New York, it soon grew to be a part of the citys culture. Verification of such acceptance is evident in Dave Betts statement referring to art appreciation tours acknowledging the existance of urban art located all over the city. From small beginnings in New York, urban art became a part of the culture and this city was not afraid to show it. URBAN ART RECOGNITION AND SUPPORT People have begun to admit that urban art is a part of their city and some areas have preserved works of different internationally known artists. It was reported that a stenciled artwork located in the city of Leipzig entitled â€Å"Madonna† from artist Blek Le Rat, has been accepted on a list of historical monuments in Saxony. In other cities such as Aachen, Zurich, and Bristol, other urban art works have been placed under a protected status to prevent them from being defaced by the public (Schilling). Urban artists and their claim for government support. In an interview with Archie Geotina, a street artist from the Philippines, he discussed the need for urban art to be supported instead of it being preserved by the governments. He stated that as a street artist, there is always the danger of your work being defaced. When asked whether street art should be preserved, he contradicted this statement by saying that preserving this form of art would destroy the fundamental concept of graffiti: liberation. Street art is designed in such a way that it adapts to its surroundings, and the art becomes a narrator of the events in the area. This is why it becomes timeless in a sense that the art acts as a narrative, and as the story continues, more art will be placed on the streets as the story goes on and on (Manco 8). According to Mr. Geotina, he believes that street art should not be preserved by the local governments, and that the artists should be supported instead. [T]he local Governments should support us, [s]hould give us that money and see what we can achieve with it. Some of us have really big dreams for our city walls[,] you know. I say, dont leave the city decoration to people who dont really care for decorating the city. Leave it to people who have the passion for it. The beauty of street art is that it was made of the streets. It is designed in such a way that it was not made to be put on display forever because it becomes a sort of narrative. Street art was made for the moment, and once the moment has passed, it will no longer be relevant. Another street artist, Dean Africa, sympathizes with Mr. Geotina with his regard towards street art preservation, stating that the government should promote the local and public arts instead, and see the artistic potential of these local artists. With the governments attention on these local artists, they can alternatively use their abilities to develop Filipino art. The significance of urban art. As stated earlier, there have been reports of different urban art movements that were created to make the pubic more aware of the social issues. This is what makes urban art important however rebellious the art may seem. The artist Banksy is an example of a thinking street artist: his art has been imitated, copied, and spread throughout society, allowing it to be reached by a large audience. The effect of this is that more people understand the truth behind advertising and mass media, allowing them to mock the process (Banksy, Shove, and Potter). The work of Banksy has been highly coveted to the point where people have stolen his work from the streets. He is also admired by so many people that he is imitated, and these aspiring artists post their own renditions of his work on the streets. Due to this, a large audience was conceived. The power of ones admiration and obsession for an urban artist can eventually lead to a large audience who begin to pay attention to the cryptic messages in the art. A significant example is Faireys movement MAYDAY. It became a historical event, which made art an important tool. Fairey, fearless of joining the helter-skelter of politics, exercised his freedom of expression. With the art he created during his time, he achieved the highest achievement art has: to bring democracy forward (DAmbrosio 34). Fairey became a revolutionary by throwing himself into reality by fighting with his art through addressing social issues with this movement. The effect that his work had on people is what art is truly made for: to suggest ideas or themes and involve the audience. URBAN ART SHOULD BE SUPPORTED As opposed to what people say when describing urban art, it is not vandalism. It is a method urban artists use to spread word about social issues affecting the country, since displaying the word on the streets will garner more attention from the public. Some people take notice of these works and praise them for such designs, while others simply scoff at the designs saying it is rubbish. Contrary to popular belief, a street artist himself stated that urban art should not be protected for it would destroy the life and meaning of street art. Instead, the urban artists should be supported by their local government units. If urban artists shed light on social, political and cultural issues that need attention, the logical response to this act would be to support them. Word about such issues will be much easier to relay to the community involved if they were seen painted on the streets. Urban artist Banksy stated that displaying your work on public property is the best way to be seen, for the designs will be immediately immersed into an audience. Urban art is not vandalism, but a representation of social issues the public should be aware of. The local government units must pay attention to urban artists and their techniques in publicizing issues relevant to the community. The methods of these urban artists are in no way harmful, for these art works are done by artists who care about their surroundings and the people involved. The intention they have for their audience is to make them more acquainted with the social issue. After the artist has done his or her job introducing the social issue to the audience, it is the viewers discretion on what he or she will do in response: to react to the issue or to ignore it. In addition to this, the designs of these urban artists can be utilized as aesthetics to create a concrete art jungle which people can enjoy. Urban art is not illegal, but it is only said to be so since it is socially unacceptable for most people to paint on the walls in the street. These artists can get caught for doing something they are passionate about, and though they should be frightened of the authorities who hunt them down, they are still unfazed by them. These artists continue this lifestyle of putting art in the streets, simply for the love of it. Through their art, they flaunt their techniques and reveal issues that more people should be aware of, a responsibility that should be done by the governing system. It should be a requirement for the government to keep the public informed about issues relevant to the locals, and it is apparent that the urban artists or â€Å"vandals† are those who actually represent these concerns through their work. Works Cited Africa, Dean. Personal interview.  2 Jan. 2013. Akbar, Arifa, and Paul Vallely. Graffiti: Street art – or crime? The Independent. 16 July 2008. 8 Nov. 2012. . Web. Banksy, Banging Your Head against a Brick Wall. United Kingdom: Weapons of Mass Disruption, 2001. PDF File. . Wall and Piece. London, UK: Random House. 2007. Print. Banksy, Gary Shove, and Patrick Potter. Banksy: You Are an Acceptable Level of Threat and If You Were Not You Would Know About It. Darlington: Carpet Bombing Culture, 2012. Print. Cobcobo, Joey. Personal interview. 3 Jan. 2013.